热水沉积矿床研究的现状与趋势

热水沉积是一种非常重要的地质作用．它是地球内部物质和能量释放到近地表至地表所发生的以沉积为主，包括复杂的结晶、交代、充填等作用及其形成物的总称。热水沉积矿床在时间上主要形成于元古代、晚古生代和现代．而古生代又集中于泥盆纪。成矿金属主要来自矿体以下沉积柱岩石或基底岩石的淋滤。热水沉积成矿流体的水主要来自于海水和大气降水．成矿模式主要是盆地压实卤水模式和海底热液对流模式。目前热水沉积矿床研究存在这样一些问题：热水沉积成矿作用在地球上是否具普遍性，热水沉积成矿作用中的物质来源．整个热水沉积成矿作用的驱动力是什么，成矿流体的来源和如何运移等，这些问题至今还没有得到令人信服的解释。因此．今后的研究趋势是加强对热水沉积矿床的地质环境和深部背景、对成矿流体地球物理化学界面、对热水沉积盆地尤其是热水沉积盆地中热水沉积矿床岩相的研究以及利用先进的计算机技术进行建模研究。

Resent situations and trend of studies on the hydrothermal sedimentary deposit

The hydrothermal mineralization is an important geological process. The deposit has been formed at Proterozoic, late palaeogoic and modern time. The metallic element of ore comes from leaching of basement sedimentary rock, and the hydrothermal mineralizing fluids from the atmospheric water and ocean water. But, there are some questions which howe not been known distinctly, such as whether the geological process of hydrothermal mineralization is widespread in the history of the earth, and what is the driving force of hydrothermal metallization, and the way that the mineralizing fluid to transfer. Therefore, in the future, the trend of the study of hydrothermal mineralization is in the interfaces of ore forming fluid geophysics and geochemistry, computer modeling of geological process of hydrothermal mineralization.