Risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the West Port semi-enclosed basin (Malaysia) |
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Authors: | Seyedeh Belin Tavakoly Sany Rosli Hashim Aishah Salleh Omid Safari Ali Mehdinia Majid Rezayi |
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Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2. Food Science and Technology Research Institute, ACECR Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran 3. Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran 4. Department of Marine Science, Marine Living Group, Iranian National Institute for Oceanography, P. O. Box 14155-4781, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract: | Sediment samples collected from the West Port, the west coastal waters of Malaysia, were analyzed by standard methods to determine the degree of hydrocarbon contamination and identify the sources of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Concentrations of PAHs in the port sediments ranged from 100.3 to 3,446.9 μg/kg dw. The highest concentrations were observed in stations close to the coastline, locations affected by intensive shipping activities and industrial input. These were dominated by high-molecular-weight PAHs (4–6 rings). Source identification showed that PAHs originated mostly pyrogenically, from the combustion of fossil fuels, grass, wood, and coal or from petroleum combustion. Regarding ecological risk estimation, only station 7 was moderately polluted, the rest of the stations suffered rare or slight adverse biological effects with PAH exposure in surface sediment, suggesting that PAHs are not considered as contaminants of concern in the West Port. |
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