1960—2019年山西省地面风速变化分析

利用山西省1960—2019年108个地面气象观测站的风速观测资料,采用线性拟合、M-K检验等方法分析了近60年山西省地面风速的变化特征。结果表明:山西省晋西北及西部山区、晋中市北部、长治市东南部、运城盆地西南部等地风速较大,中部断陷盆地区风速较小;春季风速最大,冬季和夏季次之,秋季最小;近60年山西省年和四季平均风速变化趋势和阶段特征较为明显,20世纪60—70年代前期,风速为增加趋势,之后到80年代末期减少趋势明显,90年代开始风速减少趋势变缓;而冬季风速则自1990年之后显著增加。经M-K检验可知,年、春、夏和秋季平均风速突变时间点均在20世纪80年代初,年和秋季在1982年、春季和夏季在1984年;冬季则没有显著突变发生。

Analysis of Surface Wind Speed Changes in Shanxi during 1960-2019

Based on the observed wind speed data from 1960 to 2019 from 108 ground meteorological stations in Shanxi Province, the trend characteristics of surface wind speeds in Shanxi over the past 60 years are analyzed by the linear fitting, M K test and other methods. The results show that the wind speeds were relatively high in the northwestern and western mountainous areas, the north part of Jinzhong, the southeast part of Changzhi, and the southwest part of Yuncheng Basin, while it was relatively low in the central basin. The wind speed was the highest in spring, followed by winter and summer, and the lowest in autumn. In recent 60 years, the annual and seasonal average wind speeds in Shanxi had obvious change trends and stage characteristics. From the 1960s to the early 1970s, the wind speed increased, and then decreased significantly in the late 1980s. Since the 1990s, the wind speed decreased and slowed down, while the winter wind speed have increased significantly since 1990. The M K test of surface wind speed in Shanxi shows that the abrupt change time of annual, spring, summer, autumn average wind speed was 1982, 1984, 1984 and 1982, respectively, but there was no significant abrupt change in winter average wind speed.