Temporal Variations of the Magnetic Flux in the Solar Photosphere

The problem of the transport and transformation of magnetic fields from the generation zone to the photosphere is studied in this paper. For this purpose, the temporal variations of parameters of bipolar magnetic regions are analyzed based on the magnetic synoptic maps of the Wilcox Solar Observatory (WSO) for the declining phase of cycle 22. A 150-day modulation of the magnetic flux value in bipolar regions and a variation in their rotation velocity with a duration of 80–100 days have been found. Such variations in the parameters are interpreted as a result of action of supergiant and giant convection cells. The magnetic flux from the generation zone emerges through the local channels formed by the supergiant convection cells. From the level of 0.95 R_Sun, the flux is redistributed by giant cells, which form bipolar magnetic regions on the photosphere.