发现4100多年前的超新星遗迹——尧帝景星(PKS 1209-52)

《竹书纪年》记载尧``元年丙子帝即位'', ``四十二年景星见于翼''. 《论衡》记载``尧时景星见于轸''. 这可能是出现在翼宿和轸宿之间的超新星. 由已知的干支纪年推算尧帝四十二年是公元前2164年. 把足够宽的范围\lk($180^\circ\pm23^\circ$)作``翼、轸''之间的过渡区域, 在格林(Green)超新星遗迹表中搜索到20颗超新星, 只有高银纬遗迹PKS 1209-52 (G296.5$+$10.0)符合尧帝景星``状如半月''的亮度和年龄限制, 它是尧帝景星(SN-B.C.2164)的唯一候选体. 依据超新星的表面亮度$\varSigma$与线直径D之间的$\varSigma\propto D^{-\beta

The Supernova Remnant of More than 4100 Years Ago Was Discovered---Emperor Yao's Jingxing (PKS 1209-52)

According to Bamboo Annals, ``The year Emperor Yao ascended the throne was the year of Bingzi" and ``In the forty-second year of his reign, Jing star appeared on the Yi xiu (constellation)". LunHeng says that ``during the era of emperor Yao, Jing star was seen in the Zhen xiu (constellation)". This star may be a supernova between Yi xiu and Zhen xiu. Calculated by already known years that was designated by Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches, the 42nd year of Emperor Yao''s reign was B.C.2164. If we take a wide range ($180^\circ\pm23^\circ$) as the transition area between `Yi'' and `Zhen'', we can find 20 supernovae in the Green Supernova Remnant Table. Among them, only the high silver latitude remnant PKS 1209-52 (G296.5+10.0) conforms to brightness and age limitations of Emperor Yao''s Jing star that appeared ``like a half moon". It is the only candidate of Emperor Yao''s Jing star (SN-B.C.2164). According to the relationship between the surface brightness of supernovae and the line diameter that SNR $\varSigma\propto D^{-\beta