Observing the atmospheric evolution of ozone-depleting substances |
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| Institution: | 1. Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Air Pollution/Environmental Technology, Duebendorf, Switzerland;2. Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA, Boulder, CO, USA;3. Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia;4. Universities Space Research Association/Goddard Earth Science, Technology, and Research (USRA/GESTAR), NASA Goddfard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA;5. Institute of Astrophysics and Geophysics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium;6. Center for Global Change Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA;7. School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK;8. Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA |
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| Abstract: | The atmospheric observations of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) have been essential for following their atmospheric response to the production and use restrictions imposed by the Montreal Protocol and its Amendments and Adjustments. ODSs have been used since the first half of the 20th century in industrial and domestic applications. However, their atmospheric growth went unnoticed until the early 1970s, when they were discovered using gas chromatograph-electron capture detection (GC-ECD) instruments. Similar instrumentation formed the basis of global flask and in situ measurements commenced by NOAA and ALE/GAGE/AGAGE in the late 1970s. The combination of these networks, supported by a number of other laboratories, has been essential for following the tropospheric trends of ODSs. Additionally, ground-based remote sensing measurements within NDACC and aircraft-based observation programs have been crucial for measuring the evolution of the ODS abundances over the entire atmosphere. Maintaining these networks at least at their current state is vital for ensuring the on-going verification of the success of the Montreal Protocol. |
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| Keywords: | Montreal Protocol Ozone-Depleting Substances Chlorofluorocarbons Hydrochlorofluorocarbons Halons Methyl Bromide |
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