新疆天山南麓柯坪河水文特性与洪水分析

柯坪河是天山南麓典型的雨水和泉水补给河流,河水主要为地下泉水出露补给,流量比较稳定,但暴雨的出现经常引起洪水发生.柯坪河仅有不足一年的水文观测,但河水主要是泉水补给,水量非常稳定,根据野外调查和推算,分析了柯坪河年内水文变化特征.依据洪水调查和文献查证,结合气象观测资料,分析了近百年来的典型洪水事件,建立了不同几率洪水发生的洪峰流量和洪水过程.最近几十年来的气温升高和降水增加,也使暴雨洪水的强度加强,并且频次增加.应加强对极端气候事件引发的洪水的监测和应对,在农业和水库安全运营上应注意和加强建立应对气候变化的措施.

Hydrological Feature and Flood Analysis in Keping River on South Slope of Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang

Keping River located on south slope of the Tianshan Mountains(77°00′～79°05′ E,40°20′～40°55′ N) is a typical rain and spring water supply river,and the most river water come from spring and base flow of the underground water,and annual runoff is very stable,but the emergence of heavy rain caused floods often occur.Hydrological observation of Keping River is only less than a year,but the river is spring water supply,runoff is very stable.According to field investigations and analyzed of Keping River hydrological changes of year 1957,the hydrological feature of Keping River was analyzed.Based on investigation and documentation of historical flood survey to verify the floods in Keping River Basin,the combination of meteorological observation data,studied typical flood events of the last century,and the establishment of a different probability flood in the flood peak flow and the process.The climate warming and precipitation increased in recent decades lead to the strength of the storm flood and increase the frequency.The paper suggested that we should be strengthened the monitoring extreme weather events,and the flood monitoring and building responding measure,specially in agriculture and the safety of reservoirs operation should pay attention to the establishment and strengthening of the measures to deal with climate change.