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Effect of phosphatation and calcination on the environmental behaviour of sediments
Authors:Moussa Dia  Rachid Zentar  Nor-edine Abriak  Ange Nzihou  Guy Depelsenaire  Alain Germeau
Institution:1. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, 941 rue Charles Bourseul, BP 10838, 59508 Douai, France;2. Toulouse University, Mines Albi, CNRS, RAPSODEE Center, Campus Jarlard, F-81013 Albi cedex 09, France;3. SOLVAY SA, DCRT, rue de Ransbeek 310, B-1120 Bruxelles, Germany;4. PRAYON SA, rue J. Wauters, Engis, Belgium;1. Laboratoire d''ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)_S1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France;2. LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France;3. INSERM Franco-Japanese Nextgen HLA laboratory, Nagano, Japan and Strasbourg, France;4. Laboratoire d''Immunologie, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France;5. BIOMICA SAS, Strasbourg, France;6. Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Centre for Biological Signalling Studies BIOSS, Albert Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany;7. Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany;8. Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Pays de la Loire, Laboratoire HLA, Nantes, France;9. Société Francophone de Greffe de Moelle et de Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Lyon, France;10. Société Francophone d''Histocompatibilité et d''Immunogénétique, Paris, France;11. Laboratoire EA4271 “Immunovirologie et Polymorphisme Génétique,” Nantes, France;12. Europdonor, Matchis Foundation, Leiden, The Netherlands;13. Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands;14. Haemato Oncology Foundation for Adults in the Netherlands Data Center, Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;15. Laboratoire d''Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France;16. Lille Inflammation Research International Center INSERM U995, Université Lille 2, Lille, France;17. Laboratory for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands;18. Aix-Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EFS, Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Éthique & Santé UMR 7268, Marseille, France;19. Laboratoire Jean Dausset, INSERM UMR_S 1160, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France;20. EFS Alsace Lorraine Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire HLA, Strasbourg, France;21. EFS Rhône-Alpes, Laboratoire HLA, Lyon, France;22. EFS Aquitaine Limousin, Laboratoire HLA, Bordeaux, France;23. Institut de Recherche Mathématique Avancée, CNRS UMR 7501, LabEx Institut de Recherche en Mathématiques, ses Interactions et Applications, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France;24. Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy;25. Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics, and Immunobiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy;26. Service d''Hématologie et d''Oncologie pédiatrique, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France;27. Barcelona Cord Blood Bank, Barcelona, Spain;28. Hematology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau and Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Red de Càncer, Barcelona, Spain;29. Institute of Experimental Cellular Therapy, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany;30. Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Israel;31. Département d''Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Paris, France;32. Department of Legal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan;33. Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands;34. Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands;35. Department of Pharmacy, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan;36. Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hématologie 1G, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite, Lyon, France;37. Service d''Hématologie Adulte, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France;38. Service d''Hématologie–Greffe, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France;39. Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France;40. Department of Hematology and Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;41. Service d''Hématologie Clinique, CHU Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France;42. Service d''Hématologie et de Thérapie Cellulaire, CHU Haut-Lévêque, Bordeaux, France;43. Université Pierre & Marie Curie, Paris, France;44. Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, INSERM UMR_S 938, Paris, France;1. Department of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Water Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran;3. Department of Water Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran;4. Environmental Engineering Program, University of Northern British Colombia, Prince George, BC, Canada;1. National Inland Waterway Regulation Engineering Research Center, Chongqing Jiaotong University, 66 Xuefu Road, Nan’an District, Chongqing 400074, China;2. Changjiang Chongqing Harbour and Waterway Engineering Investigation and Design Institute, Chongqing, China;1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, USA;2. Instituto de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de la República, Uruguay;3. CNRS - LTCI UMR5141, Telecom ParisTech, France;4. Departamento de Computación, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Abstract:Dredging operations produce considerable quantities of materials, to be managed and this opens an opportunity for valorization in civil engineering. However, the contamination of the dredged sediments has become a major problem to solve. The major contaminants are heavy metals and organic compounds. This study focuses on the use of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) to stabilize heavy metals from sediments and destroy organic matter by calcination at 650 °C with a goal of using sediments in roadworks. Several studies have been conducted in this field. The stabilized materials obtained have been used in civil engineering. The main purpose of this work is to discuss the environmental behavior of marine sediment treated by phosphatation and calcination. Two types of phosphoric acids were used. The pH dependence leaching test has been used as the basic characterization to evaluate the effect of the type of phosphoric acid on the metals behavior in a valorization scenario. The standard leaching test and the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) were conducted as compliance tests. In regards of the obtained results, the environmental assessment has also shown a reduction in the availability of targeted heavy metals in alkaline environment whatever the type of acid used for treatment. This opens opportunities for co-valorization.
Keywords:Polluted sediments  Heavy metals  Phosphatation  Calcination and environmental behaviour
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