中国山地垂直带信息图谱的探讨

通过构建山地垂直带谱数据结构,实现了垂直带谱数字化,增强了垂直带谱的可视化;提出了垂直带谱的三级体系：以基带区分一级带谱,以特征垂直带区分二级带谱,以垂直带组合结构、优势垂直带及垂直高度及宽度区分三级带谱;概括出山地垂直带谱的7种变化模式：同构模式、结构递减模式、突变模式、纬向递减模式、经向减升模式、阶梯递增模式和高原叠加模式;归纳出垂直带谱的5种生态类型：与自然地带相联系的顶极带谱、与主要山地相联系的基本带谱、与特殊地生态现象相联系的过渡／特殊带谱、与人类干扰相联系的扰动带谱,以及与强烈人类活动相联系的次生带谱。深入比较和分析垂直带信息图谱,可以揭示更多的地学信息。

The temporal and spatial patterns of terrestrial net primary productivity in China

This paper constructs a special data structure model for montane altitudinal belts (MABs) and thereby realizes their digitalization and visualization. A three-level hierarchy is drawn for MABs classification: the first level is "spectra series" with the same base belt. A total of 31 basic spectra series can be generalized for China; the second level is "spectra group" with the same characteristic belts; the third level is "spectrum type" with the same structure of MABs. Seven models are identified for the spatial variation of MABs: (1) identical structure model; (2) structure-thinning model; (3) mutation model; (4) latitudinal descending model; (5) longitudinal thinning-rising model; (6) step-ascending model; and (7) superimposed model. Five ecological types of MABs are also distinguished as follows: (1) climax MABs related with regional climate; (2) standard MABs related with main mountains; (3) special/transitional MABs related with special geoecological phenomenon; (4) disturbed MABs related with human disturbances; and (5) secondary mabs related with intensive human activities. Digital comparison and analysis of mabs could reveal more geographical information than ever before.