斜坡下考虑支护效应浅埋隧道力学响应的时效解答

针对岩质或黄土浅埋隧道，考虑岩土体黏弹性流变特性和支护效应，给出斜坡下进行隧道施工时的全域时效解答。根据一般黏弹性问题求解方法，采用复变函数方法、Laplace变换、黏弹性叠加关系，用随时间和空间变化支护力体现管片支护效应，导出适用于任意黏弹性模型岩体、任意时刻施加支护的应力与位移。解答与相同模型有限元结果一致，根据解答分析了广义Kelvin黏弹性模型岩体中浅埋隧道开挖时侧压力系数、斜坡倾角、埋深对稳定地表沉陷大小和范围、洞周时效位移、应力的影响，给出可按深埋问题处理时的埋深范围。解答可用于岩质和黄土隧道初步设计中，并为隧道与地下结构相互作用分析两阶段法提供自由位移场。

Aging mechanical response of shallow tunnel excavation under slope boundary considering the supporting effect

For rock or loess shallow tunnel, the entire area and time effect solutions of tunnel construction under slope boundary are formulated considering viscoelastic rheological properties of rock and supporting effect. According to the solving method of general viscoelastic problem, the solutions of stress and displacement are derived by using the function of complex variable method, Laplace transformation and the superposition principle of viscoelastic problem. These solutions consider the supporting effect by applying the varying supporting force with time and space and are applicable to arbitrary viscoelastic model of rock, initial stress state and supporting time. And the solutions are consistent with finite element results of the same model. According to the solutions, the excavation of shallow tunnel is analyzed basing on the generalized Kelvin viscoelastic model of rock. The influences of lateral pressure coefficient, angle of slope and depth of tunnel on the stable subsidence value and range of surface, the stress and displacement of tunnel border are given; and the depth of tunnel is recommended to regard the shallow problem as the deep buried problem. Solutions can be used in the preliminary design of the rock and loess tunnel and provide free displacement field to the analysis method of two stages in the interaction between tunnel and underground structure.