含软弱夹层厚煤层巷帮外错滑移机制与支护研究

含泥岩软夹层大采高工作面回采巷道外错式变形破坏是巷道支护的新课题。通过对三道沟煤矿含软夹矸层5-2厚煤层回采巷道变形实测和围岩钻孔窥视，发现了巷道顶板存在垂直裂隙，巷道两帮破坏区集中于夹矸层附近，且具有副帮大于正帮的特征，巷道变形主要来自于相邻采空区的影响。通过数值计算和物理模拟，揭示了相邻工作面侧方支承压力导致顶板产生垂直向裂隙，引起顶板与巷道夹矸层以上煤体沿软夹层向相邻采空区外错滑移的机制。建立了含软夹矸层巷道自稳平衡拱支护模型，提出了加强巷道上帮支护，控制外错滑移破坏的控制原则，给出了顶板锚索与煤帮长锚杆加强支护方案，工程实践取得了成功。

Mechanisms of outward dislocation sliding of roadway sides and its support in a thick coal seam with a soft mudstone interlayer

The outward dislocation sliding of roadway sides with mudstone interlayer in a large height mining face is a new research topic in roadway support. Convergence measurement and borehole observation are conducted on coal seam 5-2 with soft interlayer in Sandaogou Coal mine. It is found that there are vertical cracks in the roadway roof, and side failure zones occur near the mudstone interlayer but failure zones are more obvious in the pillar side. The roadway deformation is mainly caused by adjacent mining goaf. Both numerical simulation and physical simulation are used to reveal the mechanisms of side outward dislocation sliding. The lateral abutment pressure of adjacent mining goaf induces vertical cracks at the roadway roof, which leads to the outward sliding of roof with the upper side along the soft interlayer. Thus, we propose a self-stable equilibrium arching support model of the roadway with a soft interlayer, and develop support principles to strengthen upper sides and control outward sliding failure, and design a support scheme for sides reinforced by long bolts and roof supported by cables. The designed scheme is verified in engineering practices.