我国1′×1′高程异常模型的建立及应用

高精度地确定我国陆海任意点的似大地水准面高（或称高程异常），其基础是先建立相应区域的高精度、高分辨率的高程异常数字模型，然后在此基础上通过内插软件确定.本文阐述了建立我国陆海1′×1′高程异常数字模型的数据、方法和步骤等.分别采用全国854个（一、二级网和A、B级网点）和75个（地震监测站点）高精度GPS/水准点作为外部检核点，对该数字模型进行了精度估计，结果表明：由该数字模型确定全国任意点高程异常的精度，东部地区分别为±0.18 m和±0.13 m，西部地区分别为±0.30 m和±0.22 m，全国总体精度分别为±0.23 m和±0.17 m.比规划的±0.5 m精度指标提高了1倍多.少部分区域达到了厘米级精度.由1′×1′高程异常数字模型及相应软件确定任意点结果的速度一般在2s内.

Establishing and application of 1'× 1' height anomaly model in China

The foundation for the determination of Quasi-geoid height is to establish the high-resolution and high-accuracy digital model of height anomaly for respective area, and then utilize the interpolation software to determinate it. This paper states the methods and steps for establishing the 1＇×1＇land and sea digital model of height anomaly in China. The results of precision estimation are achieved through adapting the 854 national high-accuracy GPS/leveling points and 75 points used for seismic monitoring respectively check. The points are: 0.18 m and 0.13 m for the eastern region respectively, 0.30 m and 0.22 m for the western region respectively, 0.23 m and 0.17 m for the whole country. They are better than the planned precision index: 0.5 m. In some region, the precision is up to cm level. Generally, the determination of the height anomaly on any point can be realized within 2 seconds.