热液成因有色金属矿多维异常体系:以马头斑岩型钼铜矿为例

从深部矿地球化学勘查实际需求出发，根据近年来20余个矿床研究结果，总结提出了热液成因有色金属矿床矿致异常规律--多维异常体系。多维异常体系是指产出在特定成矿地质时期地质体中，空间有序共存、形成机理各异、成矿指向递进的多属性地球化学异常体系，将在斑岩型、矽卡岩型、热液型以及沉积改造型等与热液作用有关的有色金属矿产深部矿预测和评价中发挥重要作用。以安徽马头斑岩型钼铜矿为例，对该矿床多维异常体系进行了探讨。结果表明: 在该矿床中，存在着以Na₂O为代表的负异常体系、以S为代表的矿化剂元素异常体系、矿化剂元素S与Fe和成矿元素间协同平衡体系、成矿及其伴生元素异常体系等，这些异常体系对成矿的指示作用是递进的，从而证实了多维异常体系的存在。对应用多维异常体系思路预测和评价深部矿进行了说明。

Multidimensional Anomaly System for Hydrothermal Nonferrous Metal Deposits: Taking the Matou Porphyry Molybdenum Copper Mine in Anhui Province as an Example

In order to serve the geochemical exploration for deep ore bodies, the authors put forward a new law of anomalies related to the hydrothermal nonferrous metal mineralization, multidimensional anomaly system, on the basis of studies on over twenty deposits. The multidimensional anomaly system refers to the anomalies which are orderly coexisting spatially, of different formation mechanisms and indicative of further multilevel geochemical anomalies observed in specific geological bodies of geological periods. The new theory will play an important role in prospecting deep-seated nonferrous metal deposits related to hydrothermal activities, such as porphyry, skarn, hydrothermal and sedimentary-reformed type deposits. We take the Matou porphyry molybdenum copper mine in Anhui Province as an example to discuss this theory. The result shows that there are negative anomalies system dominated by Na₂O, mineralizer elements anomalies system dominated by S, equilibrium system among mineralizer elements, Fe and ore-forming elements, as well as ore-forming and accompanying elements anomalies system in Matou porphyry molybdenum copper mine. The ore-forming indicative significance of these systems goes forward one by one. The study verifies the existence of the multidimensional anomaly system and illuminates the application of this system to the prospecting of deep-seated ore bodies.