基于因子分析的三大都市密集地区的城市发展优势 ——对城市竞争力排序的商榷

近年来,随着城市竞争力概念的兴起,城市排序及城市排行榜成为各界瞩目的焦点。本文首先指出盲目追求城市排名的危害,之后从理论角度论述造成城市简单排序误区的根本原因在于对城市所属区域以及城市体系的忽视,提出应在对各城市进行定量评估的基础上,将城市发展优势与地域空间以及城市体系相结合,在地域空间中确定各城市功能定位。并以我国三大都市密集地区为实例,运用因子分析法对各城市发展优势进行定量评估。以实例阐明城市发展优势应在所属地域空间与其城市体系紧密结合,对城市简单排序提出了反驳。通过三大都市密集地区之间不同城市体系结构及其变化的比较研究,对城市集群的形成及其发展理论做了积极的探索。

A study of the advantages of city development in three megalopolitan areas based on the method of factor analysis: A discussion with city ranking by competitiveness

With the rise of the concept of city competitiveness in recent years, city ranking has received enormous attention from various areas. Firstly, this paper points out the negative effects of blindly seeking a higher city ranking, and then from a theoretic point of view it indicates that the basic mistake of city ranking is ignoring the connection with the regional space and the hierarchical system of cities. And the advantages of city development based on quantitative evaluation should be combined with the hierarchical system of cities in geographical space. Furthermore, this paper gives quantitative evaluation on the development status of cities in three megalopolitan areas by applying the methods of factor analysis, to explain the process about combining advantages of city development with geographical space and the hierarchical system of cities by case studies. It solves the problems of city ranking, provides scientific basis for reasonable planning of hierarchical system of cities, and promotes the collaboration among cities. It will be a significant study to coordinate the large, medium and small city development. Finally,through the comparison of spatial patterns of three megalopolitan areas, it explores the theory of the hierarchical system of cities.