天然膨润土中蒙脱石丰度的定量方法研究

基于膨润土中蒙脱石的基本结构单元在X射线衍射空间的相干散射的分布和总量是一不变量，同一膨润土矿中单位质量蒙脱石的阳离子交换容量和层电荷密度专一性的特点，本研究提出了阳离子交换容量／层电荷密度、阳离子交换容量和X射线衍射多相Rietveld分析三种蒙脱石丰度的定量方法，并测定了我国不同产地、矿物组成和物化性质各异的10种天然膨润土中蒙脱石丰度，分析了可能的干扰因素。结果表明，三种方法测得的蒙脱石丰度值在3％范围内吻合良好，且具有一致的自相关性。

THREE METHODS FOR QUANTIFICATION OF MONTMORILLONITE ABUNDANCES IN NATURAL BENTONITES

Based on the theory that the distribution and total amount of X-ray coherent scattering of montmorillonite's structural unit in the diffraction space are invaried and the character that the layer charge density and cation exchange capacity of one unit of montmorillonite are unique in certain bentonite, three methods for the quantitative analysis of momontrie contents were proposed, e.g. cation exchange capacity/layer charge density method, cation exchange capacity method and X ray diffraction Rietveld analysis. The montmorillonite contents in 10 types of bentonites with different producing area, mineral content and properties were determined by using those methods. It is indicated that the results so obtained were in good consistency with each other within the range of 3% and had consistent correlations.