黄河流域区域目标ET的优化配置及调控措施实例研究

针对黄河流域R-ET水资源管理模式中目标ET的优化配置问题,基于多目标遗传算法,构建了水资源总量控制、ET总量控制、粮食用水保障和生态生活用水保障,共4个目标函数及约束条件,设计了遗传算法的相关参数,从而对目标ET的优化配置进行求解。以鄂尔多斯地区为研究实例,对2015年5个方案的目标ET进行优化配置,其中灌溉耕地目标ETIta占到总目标ETta的36%左右;居工地ETJta占到20%左右,不可控目标ETNta占到50%左右。各分项实际ET的分布比例为:不可控ETN为实际ET总值的64.4%,灌溉耕地ETI为33.6%和城乡居工地ETJ为2%,经过对比认为要达到目标ET,削减和调控的重点在不可控ET和耕地ET。根据研究区的实际情况,提出了各分项目标ET的调控重点和相关措施,为下一步实施黄河流域的R-ET水资源管理奠定了必要的基础。

Case Study on Optimal Allocation and Control Measures of Area Target ET in Yellow River Basin

Aiming at the questions of optimal allocation of target ET based on R-ET (Runoff-Evapotranspiration) water resources management model for the Yellow River Basin, this paper constructed 4 objective functions and constraint condition based on Multi-Objective Genetic Algo - rithm, including the functions of water resources control, ET control, irrigation water guarantee and Eco & life water guarantee, and design pa - rameters of MOGA to solve the optimal allocation questions. Ordos was taken as the research case, according to calculation of 5 water utilization schemes in 2015, the irrigation farmland target ETIta accounts for about 36% of the total target ETta, the residential and industrial land ETJta accounts for about 20%, uncontrolled target ETNta accounts for about 50%. Meanwhile, actual ET distribution ratio is as follows: Uncontrolled ETN occupies 64.4% of the total actual ET, irrigation farmland ETI occupies 33.6% the residential and industrial land ETJ occupies 2%. The comparison find that to achieve target ET, the reduction and control should focus on uncontrolled ET and the irrigation farmland ET. According to the actual situation in the study area, this paper put forward the control key of the sectional target ET and related measures, and lays the foundation of the necessary for the implementation R-ET water management for the Yellow River Basin.