山东济宁高硫煤与低硫煤煤层剖面地球化学特征研究

运用电感耦合等离子质谱（ICP-MS）、X射线荧光光谱（XRF）、离子选择电极（ISE）、显微镜光度计和煤化学等方法,对山东济宁矿区的高硫煤（太原组16号煤层）与低硫煤（山西组3上煤层）剖面的煤岩、煤质和煤地球化学特征进行研究。高硫煤中微量元素在垂向上呈现显著的变化规律：（1）Sr含量从煤层底板到顶板呈增高趋势,而Ba含量则相反;因而Sr/Ba比值从下向上呈逐渐变大趋势（0.04～47.7）;（2）Th/U比值从下向上也呈逐渐变大趋势（0.2～37.1）;（3）As含量在煤层顶板石灰岩（26.1μg/g）、透镜状黄铁矿夹层（14.7～19.3μg/g）中较高;（4）V、Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Pb、Zn等元素在煤层底部和顶部分层中含量较高,而在煤层中部分层中含量较低;（5）Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ga等元素从煤层的底部到顶部呈逐渐降低趋势;（6）煤中稀土元素总量（REE）,除透镜状黄铁矿夹层（第2、4、11分层）外,其它分层（第1、3、5、6、7、8、9、10分层）显示从上往下逐渐增高之规律性。低硫煤中微量元素的分布和垂向变化与高硫煤明显不同：As含量在14个煤分层中都较低（1.03～3.37μg/g）,Sr/Ba比值从下向上变化不大（0.4～2.2）,各个煤分层中稀土元素总量（REE）呈现随灰份含量增高而增高的变化趋势,低硫煤与高硫煤的稀土元素分布模式差别很大。上述研究结果表明济宁矿区高硫煤与低硫煤在地球化学特征上的差别,反映了上石炭统太原组与下二叠统山西组沉积环境和聚煤条件的差别,具有指相意义;太原组16号煤层中富集的硫及有害微量元素,对环境具有潜在危害。

Geochemical Characteristic Study on High and Low Sulfur Coal Seam Sections in Jining,Shandong

Using the methods of inductance coupling plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）,X-ray fluorescence spectrometry（XRF）,ion selective electrode analysis（ISE）,microscope photometry and coal chemistry,carried out coal petrology,coal quality and coal geochemical characteristic studies on high sulfur coal（No.16 coal in Taiyuan Formation） and low sulfur coal（No.31 coal in Shanxi Formation） sections,Jining mining area,Shandong.Trace elements in high sulfur coal present an obvious variation pattern：（1） Sr content increasing from coal floor to roof,while Ba the other way,thus Sr/Ba ratio increasing from bottom to top（0.04~47.7）;（2） Th/U ratio increasing gradually from bottom to top（0.2~37.1）;（3） As content is higher in coal roof limestone（26.1μg/g）,lenticular pyrite partings（14.7~19.3μg/g）;（4） V,Cr,Co,Ni,Cu,Pb and Zn contents are higher in coal seam bottom and top slices,and lower in middle slices;（5） Nb,Ta,Zr,Hf,and Ga contents are decreasing from bottom to top;（6） rare earth elements（REE） quantum in coal,except lenticular pyrite partings（Nos.2,4 and 11 slices）,other slices（Nos.1,3,5,6,7,8,9 and 10） present a regular pattern of increasing gradually from top to bottom.Distribution and vertical variation of trace elements in low sulfur coal are quite different from high sulfur coal： As content is lower in all 14 slices（1.03~3.37μg/g）,Sr/Ba ratio change not quite 90.4~2.2）,REE quantum in each slice increasing along with ash content,distribution pattern of REE in low sulfur coal and high sulfur coal is quite different.Above finding has demonstrated the geochemical characteristic difference between high sulfur and low sulfur coals in the Jining mining area has reflected different sedimentary environments and coal accumulating conditions in Upper Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation and Lower Permian Shanxi Formation,thus has facies directional significance.Sulfur and harmful trace element enrichments in Taiyuan Formation No.16 coal seam have potential hazard to environment.