2011年4月下旬托什干河融雪洪水的气象成因

2011年4月下旬南疆托什干河流域发生了罕见的融雪型洪水,卫星遥感监测到此次融雪型洪水过程中山区积雪的变化。本文从气象的角度分析了其成因,结果表明:托什干河流域融雪型洪水出现前上游地区降水明显偏多,高空0℃层高度持续和异常偏高,流域上空出现了明显的高空温度脊,并有较强的暖平流配合,暖平流出现的时间、强度与托什干河融雪洪峰出现的时间和大小有较好的对应关系。这些条件为托什干河流域融雪型洪水的预报提供了较好的技术指标。

The meteorological causes of snowmelt flood in the Tuoshikan River in the last ten days of April 2011

A rare snowmelt flood occurred in the Tuoshikan River in the southern Xinjiang in the last ten days of April 2011.The snowmelt flood was monitored by satellite remote sensing.The causes were analyzed from meteorological aspects in the paper.The results showed that the rainfall was anomalous abundant in the upstream regions before the snowmelt flood ocurred in the Tuoshikan river.The height of the 0℃ layer in the upper air was remained anomalous high.The upper-air temperature ridge appeared obviously over the river with relatively strong warm advection.The occurring time and intensity between the warm advection and the snowmelt flood peak in the Tuoshikan River had a good corresponding relationship.They providedd helpful forecast index for snowmelt flood in the Tuoshikan River.