香河地基观测臭氧柱总量数据分析及臭氧变化趋势研究

大气臭氧变化在全球气候和环境中具有重要作用,是当今大气科学领域的重要研究对象之一。对比分析了中国科学院大气物理研究所河北香河大气综合观测试验站2014～2016年Dobson和Brewer两种臭氧总量观测仪器探测结果的一致性,并使用1979～2016年Dobson观测数据分析了香河地区臭氧总量的长期变化趋势。结果表明:进行有效温度修正后,两种臭氧总量仪器观测结果一致性较好,平均偏差仅为-0.14DU(多布森单位),平均绝对偏差为8.00 DU,标准差为36.09 DU,相关系数达0.964。整体来说,两类仪器观测臭氧总量吻合较好。SO2浓度对Dobson仪器数据精度有一定影响,两组仪器数据在SO2浓度为0～0.2DU、0.2～0.4DU和0.4DU大气条件情况下的平均偏差分别为4.8 DU、7.0 DU和8.0 DU,平均偏差随SO2浓度升高而增大。过去38年香河地区的臭氧总量季节差异性强,春、冬两季臭氧总量高,夏、秋两季臭氧总量相对低,季节变化趋势差异明显。从长期变化上看,臭氧总量变化波动有不同的周期,在4个大的时间段变化趋势不同,2000～2010年臭氧层有显著恢复,但最近几年又有变薄的趋势。

Analysis of Total Ozone Column from Ground-Based Observation and Its Trend at Xianghe Station

Atmospheric ozone plays an important role in the global climate and environment. It is one of the important research topics in the atmospheric science field. In this study, the consistency of the measurement of the total ozone column, using the Dobson and Brewer instruments during the period of 2014-2016 at Xianghe, were analyzed. The Dobson measurement data during the longer period of 1979-2016 was used to investigate the long-term variation trend in the total ozone column at the same site. The results showed that the average deviation, the average absolute deviation, the standard deviation, and the correlation coefficient between Dobson and Brewer instrument data were -0.14 DU, 8.00 DU, 36.09 DU, and 0.964, respectively. In general, the total amount of ozone observed by the two instruments agreed well. SO₂ concentration had a noticeable effect on the Dobson instrument data accuracy. The average deviations of the two sets of instrument data in the atmospheric SO₂ concentration of 0-0.2 DU, 0.2-0.4 DU, and >0.4 DU, were 4.8 DU, 7.0 DU, and 8.0 DU, respectively. The data deviation of the two sets of instruments increased with increasing SO₂ concentration. Apparent seasonal variations in the total ozone column are presented for the past 38 years at Xianghe. Ozone concentrations were larger in spring and winter relative to summer and autumn. Variation tendencies of ozone were also seasonally dependent. Different cycles of ozone amount fluctuation were derived from the long-term Dobson data. The variation tendencies were different during four long periods. Distinct ozone recovery was found from 2000 to 2010; however, ozone depletion trends occurred during recent years.