山东沂南东部土壤-玉米系统重金属元素与其他元素间相互作用及其生物有效性研究

在沂南县东部地区重金属元素高的背景状态下,为研究土壤-玉米系统中重金属元素和与人体健康关系密切的微量元素间的相互作用及其生物有效性,在研究区采集了50件玉米籽实及其根系土土壤样品。通过样品中重金属元素和微量元素含量分析,统计其含量及富集特征,探讨了玉米籽实及其根系土土壤中各元素间的相互关系。通过玉米根、茎、叶、籽实中重金属元素含量及根系土土壤中重金属元素形态分析,总结了玉米根、茎、叶、籽实以及根系土土壤中重金属元素的分布规律并对玉米籽实进行了安全性评价。结果显示: ①各元素含量在玉米根系土土壤和玉米籽实中差异明显,玉米籽实中元素富集系数间多呈显著-极显著正相关; ②玉米籽实中As、Ni、Se含量与土壤中元素含量多呈拮抗作用,玉米籽实中元素含量间多呈协同作用; ③Cu、Zn、Cd、Hg主要富集于叶中,Cr、Pb、Ni、As主要富集于根中,除1件玉米籽实样品外,其他样品均符合绿色、无公害等相关标准,研究区玉米籽实安全性较好。研究成果可为农业高质量发展、土壤污染综合治理提供支撑。

Study on the interaction between heavy metal elements and other elements and bioavailability in the soil-maize system in Eastern Yinan of Shandong Province

In the background of high levels of heavy metal elements in Eastern Yinan, the authors collected 50 maize seed and root soil samples to investigate the interaction and bioavailability of heavy metal elements and trace elements closely related to human health in the soil-maize system. The content and enrichment characteristics of heavy metal elements and trace elements in the samples were statistically analyzed, and the interrelationship among the elements in maize seed and the root soil was explored through content analysis. The distribution patterns of heavy metal elements in maize roots, stems, leaves, seeds, and root soil were summarized and the safety of maize seeds was evaluated, by analyzing the content of heavy metal elements in corn roots, stems, leaves, seeds, and the forms of heavy metal elements in root soil. The results show that a significant difference of element content exists between maize root soil and maize seeds, and the enrichment coefficients of elements in maize seeds show significant- extremely significant positive correlation. As, Ni, Se in maize seeds have an antagonistic effect on the element content in the soil, while there is a synergistic effect among the elements in maize seeds. Cu, Zn, Cd, and Hg are mainly enriched in leaves, while heavy metals Cr, Pb, Ni, and As are mainly enriched in roots. All the samples meet the relevant standards of green and pollution-free except one maize seed sample, indicating the good safety level of maize seeds in the study area. This study could provide geological support for high-quality agricultural development and comprehensive soil pollution control.