Seasonal baseline levels of physiological and biochemical parameters in polar cod (Boreogadus saida): Implications for environmental monitoring |
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Authors: | Jasmine Nahrgang Lionel Camus Jørgen S Christiansen |
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Institution: | a Akvaplan-niva, Polar Environmental Centre, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway b Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway c Norwegian Polar Institute, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway |
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Abstract: | Seasonality of biomarker baseline levels were studied in polar cod (Boreogadus saida), caught in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, in April, July, September and December, 2006-2007. Physiological parameters (condition factor, gonado- and hepato-somatic indexes, energy reserves, potential metabolic activity and antifreeze activity) in polar cod were used to interpret the seasonality of potential biomarkers. The highest levels of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity occurred concomitantly with the highest potential metabolic activity in July due to e.g. intense feeding. During pre-spawning, EROD showed significant inhibition and gender differences. Hence, its potential use in environmental monitoring should imply gender differentiation at least during this period. Glutathione S-transferase and catalase activities were stable from April to September, but changed in December suggesting a link to low biological activity. Knowledge of the biomarker baseline levels and their seasonal trends in polar cod is essential for a trustworthy interpretation of forthcoming toxicity data and environmental monitoring in the Arctic. |
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Keywords: | Arctic pollutants Biomarker baseline Metabolism Oxidative stress Polar cod |
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