煤基石墨烯原料与制备技术研究进展

作为21世纪的新兴碳纳米材料，石墨烯具有十分优异的性能，在众多领域中都展现出巨大的应用潜力。煤是储量最丰富、价格最低廉的碳源，且具有独特的结构和物质组成。将煤用于石墨烯等新型碳质材料及其复合材料的开发应用，是一项值得深入探索的工作。煤基石墨烯的发展既能促进煤的洁净利用也能提升煤炭资源的附加值。通过综述分析煤结构研究、煤石墨化机理以及煤基石墨烯研究与制备等方面的发展概况，并提出煤基石墨烯研究的现存问题和未来展望。认为，目前以煤为碳源制备石墨烯及其衍生物的研究尚属于起步阶段，研究的重点是在优化产品制备和性能的方面上，有关煤岩特性对产品质量影响的研究较少。原料煤的结构和物质组成的差异最终会影响煤基石墨烯产品的结构和性能，而煤的结构演变受地质因素影响显著。因此，未来煤基石墨烯的发展应该加强地质作用下的煤原始结构和物质组成对煤基石墨烯产品的影响研究，进而为加快煤基石墨烯研究和提高煤的清洁高效利用提供理论支撑。

Progress in the research on the raw materials and the preparation techniques of coal-based graphene

Graphene is an emerging carbon nanomaterial in the 21st century, has excellent properties and shows great application potential in many fields. Coal is the most abundant and the cheapest carbon source with unique structure and material composition. The application of coal in the development and the application of new carbonaceous materials such as graphene and their composites is a work worthy of further exploration. The development of coal-based graphene can both promote the clean utilization of coal and enhance the added value of coal resources. In this paper, the research developments in coal structure, the mechanism of coal graphitization, as well as the development of the research and preparation of coal-based graphene at home and abroad were reviewed in detail. In addition, according to the current research situation of coal-based graphene, the existing problems and future prospect of the research on coal-based graphene were put forward. At present, the research on the preparation of coal-based graphene and its derivatives is still in its infancy. The focus of the research is on the optimization of product preparation and performance. There are few studies on the influence of coal petrography characters on product quality. The difference of structure and composition of raw coal will ultimately affect the structure and performance of coal-based graphene, while the structural evolution of coal is significantly affected by geological factors. Therefore, in the future，the research on the influence of coal original structure and material composition on the product of coal-based graphene should be strengthened, so as to provide theoretical support for promoting the study on coal-based graphene and improving the clean and efficient utilization of coal resources.