金星的地幔对流、岩石圈演化和表面更新

金星在大小、轨道半径等方面与地球非常接近，但现今的观测显示金星在大气、表面温度、重力与地形特征等方面与地球非常不同.对固体金星而言，最显著特征是有火山活动但没有活动的板块构造运动、表面平均大约500±200 Ma的年龄显示金星发生过全球性表面快速更新、重力与地形强相关.本文在简要介绍已有工作的基础上，主要介绍我们基于这些观测特征开展的金星动力学研究，包括现今地幔的对流模式、相变对表面更新的影响、地壳厚度、岩石圈演化与表面更新等研究工作和取得的初步认识.

Mantle convection,lithosphere evolution and resurfacing of Venus

Venus is very similar to the Earth in size and orbit radius, but the current observations show that Venus is very different from the Earth in atmosphere, surface temperature and also in gravity and topographic features. For the solid part of the Venus, the most prominent characteristics include 1) there are some active volcanisms but no active plate tectonics, 2) an average surface age of ~500±200 Ma indicates that Venus has experienced rapid global resurfacing, and 3) the gravity and the topography are strongly correlated. In this paper, we first give a brief introduction of some previous works and then we focus on our recent studies on the dynamics of Venus that associated with these observational characteristics. The main contents of these studies include the present mantle convection mode of Venus, the effect of phase transition on Venusian resurfacing, the thickness of the Venusian crust, and the lithosphere evolution and resurfacing of Venus. The preliminary results and its implications are listed in the concluding remarks.