环境介质中铊的分布及其分析测试方法

铊在水、土壤、矿物岩石、生物及人体等环境介质中的自然分布均较低，但矿山资源的开发利用等人为因素造成了铊对环境的严重污染。污染地区介质中铊含量超出了背景值的几十倍、几百倍，甚至上万倍。为了对环境中铊污染进行监测和治理，必须发展铊的分析测试技术。除了传统的原子吸收光谱法、分光光度法等方法外，建议推广ICP—MS等灵敏度高、测试方法简单的测试方法。

Distribution of thallium in environmental media and its analytical methods

The thallium content is low in environmental media such as water,soil,minerals and rocks,organisms and human bodies.However,serious environmental pollution is caused by thallium due to such human factors as mining of thallium deposits and utilization of thallium.The thallium content in polluted areas is dozens of times,hundreds of times and even ten thousands of times higher than the background value.In order to monitor and control thallium pollution in the environment ,the analytic technique must be improved.The authors suggest that high sensitive and simple analytic techniques such as the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer(ICP-MS )should be extensively adopted besides the traditional atomic absorption spectrometry(AAS )and spectrophotometry.