Impact of episodic herbivory by the tamarisk leaf beetle on leaf litter nitrogen and stem starch content: A short communication |
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| Institution: | 1. Campbell Scientific Inc., 815 West 1800 North, Logan, UT 84321, USA;2. Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 755 E Flamingo Road, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA;3. Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-6150, USA;4. Colorado Department of Agriculture, Biological Pest Control, Palisade Insectary, 750 37.8 Road, Palisade, CO 81526, USA;1. Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 1611-(X5016GCA), Córdoba, Argentina;2. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 1611-(X5016GCA), Córdoba, Argentina;1. MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês de Pombal, 3004–517 Coimbra, Portugal;2. CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Pólo dos Açores and Departamento de Biologia da Universidade dos Açores, Rua Mãe de Deus 13 A, 9501–855 Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal;1. Gastroenterology Unit, Mauriziano Hospital Turin, Italy;2. Bolzano Hospital, Bolzano, Italy;3. Cancer Research and Cure Institute “Casa Sollievo Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy;4. University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy;5. University Hospital “Careggi”, Florence, Italy;6. University Hospital “L. Sacco”, Milan, Italy;7. “San Camillo-Forlanini” Hospitals, Rome, Italy;8. Hospital “Cardarelli”, Naples, Italy;9. Catholic University “S. Cuore”, Columbus Integrated Complex, Rome, Italy;10. “Sandro Pertini” Hospital, Rome, Italy;11. University of Bologna, “S. Orsola Malpighi” Hospital, Bologna, Italy;12. University of Padua, Padua, Italy;13. United Hospitals “Villa Sofia-Cervello”, Palermo, Italy;1. Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics (LIAG), Stilleweg 2, 30655, Hannover, Germany;2. Institute of Geography, University of Cologne, Albertus Magnus Platz, 50923, Cologne, Germany;3. Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Water and Soil Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan, 49138-15739, Iran;4. Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany;5. Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Soil Science and Soil Ecology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 13, D-53115, Bonn, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) has in recent decades come to dominate riparian corridors throughout much of the western U.S. The implementation of biological control, utilizing the tamarisk leaf beetle (Diorhabda spp., particularly Diorhabda carinulata), has focused attention and research on this method for Tamarix suppression. Researchers are just beginning to understand how herbivory by Diorhabda affects Tamarix physiology and nutritional dynamics. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether herbivory by D. carinulata altered leaf litter nitrogen and stem starch content, and if so, how such alteration varied across a gradient of herbivory chronosequence. Leaf litter and stem analysis showed significantly higher levels of both nitrogen and stem starch content in trees that had experienced herbivory by the leaf beetle. However, there were no significant differences in nitrogen or stem starch content based on years of beetle herbivory. Higher levels of nitrogen in leaf litter from beetle-affected trees may be a result of herbivory-induced desiccation and foliar mortality prior to the translocation of nitrogen back into plant reserves. Additionally, higher stem starch may be a result of either phloem damage reducing the translocation of photoassimilates, or an increase in the shunting of carbohydrates to the site of new leaf growth. Finally, the lack of correlation between years of herbivory and both leaf litter nitrogen and stem starch may indicate that as of yet there have not been sufficient defoliation events to yield anticipated host plant impact. |
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| Keywords: | Biological control Herbivory Nutrient allocation Saltcedar Tamarisk leaf beetle |
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