优化开发区域制造业企业迁移的因素及其区域影响——以广东东莞市为例

优化开发区域是区域发展的较高级阶段,其内部企业迁移的规律比较复杂。选择制造业发达地区——广东东莞市为案例区,采取半结构式访谈法和调查问卷法探讨优化开发区域制造业企业迁移的影响因素及其区域影响。研究表明,现阶段东莞市劳动密集型企业迁出和资本技术密集型企业迁入并存,劳动密集型企业迁出是要素成本、环境管制、区域依赖性和地方政府博弈相互作用的结果,而产业基础、区域创新要素、产业政策和区域软环境等因素促进资本技术密集型企业的迁入;企业迁移可以促进区域产业升级转型,提高区域生产空间质量和优化区域国土空间结构。

The influencing factors of manufacturing firm migration and its impact on development-optimized region:A case study of Dongguan city of Guangdong province in China

Major Function-Oriented Zone Planning(MFOZ Planning) has been a strategic concern in the field of territorial development in China.In the planning,orientations of development are designed for four types of major functions,one of which is the development-optimized region.In these areas,their main orientation in the future development is industrial adjustment and upgrade,such as improving the regional ability of innovation and developing new green industries with high technology and added value.Manufacturing firm migration in these areas contains both immigration and emigration at the same time.This article takes Dongguan city in Guangdong Province as an example to analyze the mechanism of manufacturing firms in the development-optimized region.Based on the semi-structured depth interviews and questionnaire method with local authorities,industrial associations and entrepreneurs,the article demonstrates the result(s) as follow(s): Firstly,labor-intensive firm emigrations and the capital and technology-intensive firm immigration coexist at the same time.Secondly,labor-intensive firm emigration can be attributed to the factors such as rise in costs,environmental regulations,regional dependence and gaming between different local governments.Thirdly,capital and technology-intensive firm immigration can be attributed to the factors such as industrial base,regional innovation,industrial policy and soft environment.Firm migration to some extent improves the industrial adjustment and upgrade,and it will also restructure the territorial space pattern.The ecology-production-living space between the proportional relationships will also change with labor-intensive industries dispersion and capital and technology-intensive industry agglomeration.The development-optimized region will improve the quality of land space.