中国海岛县的旅游经济集中度与差异化

旅游经济集中度与差异化分析是对旅游在特定区域发展的重视程度及发展现况的研究,从而获取发展正确方向及合作对象的重要衡量方法。海岛具有相对独立的地域特征,旅游发展在岛域地域系统中具有特殊的相似性及差异性。选取2006-2010年中国12个海岛县旅游业发展相关数据,采用区位熵和Theil指数方法分别对我国海岛县旅游业集中度和时间尺度上的省市间、省市内和总体差异变化状况进行计算。结果表明:①中国海岛县整体旅游业态发展不均衡,旅游业态集中化程度较低,在海岛县域的专业性整体优势不强,但可提升空间较大;②福建省入岛旅游总收入差异呈下降趋势,浙江省呈升高趋势,说明福建省海岛旅游业正向均衡方向发展,入岛旅游总收入的Theil系数由2006年福建省大于浙江省转变到2010年浙江省大于福建省,两省入岛旅游总收入差异正在逐渐弱化;③各海岛县间的差异及海岛县隶属省市的差异都在增大,组内差异与组间差异差距不大,但相互波动频繁,隶属省内海岛县的差异和省间的差异都是造成中国海岛县发展差异的主要原因。

Concentration and differentiation of tourism economy in island counties, China

Concentration and differentiation analysis of tourism economy is a study of attention degree and status quo of specific area development on tourism. It is one of the important measures to obtain a right developing direction and co-operation partners. The development of tourism has special similarities and differences in island system because of the island's relatively independent district feature. This paper collects the data of tourism development in the 12 island counties during 2006-2010, using location entropy and Theil index, and calculates the degree of tourism centralization in Chinese island counties and variation characteristics between provinces and cities, within provinces and cities and overall discrepancy in a time scale. The results are shown as follows. (1) Overall tourism development is disequilibrium in Chinese island counties. Besides, the degree of centralization on tourism situation is low and professional advantages of the island region are not obvious, but at the same time, the space for development is larger. (2) The island's total tourism income differences in Fujian Province have a downward trend, while Zhejiang Province shows an upward trend. This shows that island tourism in Fujian develops towards a balanced direction. Theil index of the general income in island has changed. In 2006 the index in Fujian is bigger than that of Zhejiang, while in 2010 the index in Zhejiang is bigger than that of Fujian, which shows that their general income differences on island's tourism are gradually weakening. (3) The differences between the island counties and their provinces are both increasing, while there is not a great gap between the differences within the group and differences between the groups, but the fluctuations are frequent. Both of the differences between the island counties of their provinces and within the island counties are major contributors to the development differences in Chinese island counties.