Particle-size distribution of inorganic water soluble ions in the venezuelan savannah atmosphere during burning and nonburning periods |
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Authors: | Eugenio Sanhueza Alberto Rondón |
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Institution: | (1) Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas (IVIC), Apartado 21827, 1020-A Caracas, Venezuela |
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Abstract: | The results presented are the first complete analysis of inorganic soluble ions in a tropical savannah region. Atmospheric particles were collected in six rural Venezuelan savannah sites. Concentrations and size distribution of NO3
–, SO4
2-, CI–, PO4
3-, NH4
+, Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ were determined in samples collected with Hi Vol samplers equipped with five-stage cascade impactors. Concentrations were higher in the dry season, with a maximum during the burning periods. Using Na+ as a reference, the results show a deficit of Cl– and, with the exception of Mg2+, an enrichment of all other ions with respect to marine aerosols. Significant variations were observed in particle-size distribution between different periods. Various pairs of ions present similar size distributions: SO4
2- and NH4
+; Cl– and Na+; PO4
3- and K+; Ca2+, Mg2+ and NO3
–; indicating that the ions were produced by the same source and/or were involved in similar atmospheric processes. Possible primary sources, the gas-to-particle atmospheric process, environmental implication of long-range transport of nutrients during dry seasons, etc., are discussed. |
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Keywords: | Savannah atmosphere vegetation burning soluble particles particles size distributions |
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