Wind-Tunnel Experiments for Gas Dispersion in an Atmospheric Boundary Layer with Large-Scale Turbulent Motion |
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Authors: | Takenobu Michioka Ayumu Sato Koichi Sada |
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Institution: | (1) Physics Department, International Collaboration for Turbulence Research, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; |
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Abstract: | Large-scale turbulent motions enhancing horizontal gas spread in an atmospheric boundary layer are simulated in a wind-tunnel
experiment. The large-scale turbulent motions can be generated using an active grid installed at the front of the test section
in the wind tunnel, when appropriate parameters for the angular deflection and the rotation speed are chosen. The power spectra
of vertical velocity fluctuations are unchanged with and without the active grid because they are strongly affected by the
surface. The power spectra of both streamwise and lateral velocity fluctuations with the active grid increase in the low frequency
region, and are closer to the empirical relations inferred from field observations. The large-scale turbulent motions do not
affect the Reynolds shear stress, but change the balance of the processes involved. The relative contributions of ejections
to sweeps are suppressed by large-scale turbulent motions, indicating that the motions behave as sweep events. The lateral
gas spread is enhanced by the lateral large-scale turbulent motions generated by the active grid. The large-scale motions,
however, do not affect the vertical velocity fluctuations near the surface, resulting in their having a minimal effect on
the vertical gas spread. The peak concentration normalized using the root-mean-squared value of concentration fluctuation
is remarkably constant over most regions of the plume irrespective of the operation of the active grid. |
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