西洞庭湖湿地景观空间结构的完整性分析与优化对策

选取2005年两洞庭湖湿地的遥感影像，利用GIS技术、MapInfo Professional 6．5 SCP软件和景观结构分析软件FRAGSTATS，应用景观生态学的理论和方法，对两洞庭湖湿地景观空间结构的完整性进行了分析。结果表明：①区域内斑块分维数相差不大，但荒草地和杨树末成林受人为干扰明显且形状规则，其分维数趋近于1；②区域内湿地景观类型体系中各类湿地所占比例差异较大，分配不太均匀，其中湖泊景观优势明显；整个区域的破碎化程度高，除湖泊外，其他类型的湿地受人类干扰较大。基于上述分析，提出了更新和调整湿地生境、合理布局功能区、强化湿地综合管理和开展湿地生态旅游等优化对策。

Integrity of Spatial Structure of Wetland Landscape in West Dongting Lake and Its Optimization

A remote sensing image of the West Dongting Lake wetland produced in 2005 was analyzed using GIS, MapInfo Professional 6.5 and landscape structure analysis program FRAGSTATS. According to the theory and method of landscape ecology, the integrity of spatial structure of wetland landscape in the West Dongting Lake was studied in the analysis. Results showed that: 1) there were small differences in fractal dimensions of patches, however, the grassplot and the immature poplar forest have been obviously interfered by human activities, their shapes were regular, and their fractal dimensions of patches were close to 1. 2) there were large differences in the proportion of total land area among different types of wetland within the wetland landscape, the distribution of different wetland types was un-even, and the lake landscape was obviously advantageous over others; the extent of fragmentations of the wetland landscape was very high in the region, with an exception of the lake, other types of wetland had been interfered badly by human activities. Based on the above analysis, recommendations were made such as improvement and adjustment of wetland habitat, appropriate deployment of function areas, intensification of integrated wetland management, and development of wetland eco-tourism.