瞬变电磁法在采空塌陷灾害中的应用——以神东煤矿采空区调查为例

由人工采矿及天然作用形成的地下空洞是引起地面塌陷、地裂缝等多种环境地质灾害的根源之一。在煤矿开采区，地下空洞主要是煤矿采空区，采空区受水文地质条件和开采时间的影响，呈现积水和不积水状态。利用瞬变电磁法对神东矿区采空区进行了调查勘探，用最原始的归一化二次电位解释采空不积水区及采空积水区，并根据地下空洞发育的时间长短及积水程度的不同，会呈现高阻异常或低阻异常，在视电阻率断面图上呈现出十分显著的特征。给瞬变电磁法勘探应用于采空区及采空积水区的探测提供了实例，对预测和防治采空区引起的塌陷环境地质灾害具有重要意义。 

APPLICATION OF TRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC METHOD IN COLLAPSE HAZARD OF GOAF: TAKE THE INVESTIGATION OF THE GOAF IN SHENDONG COAL MINE AS AN EXAMPLE

A large number of unknown goaf areas formed in the random mining area of coal mine area, which are the causes of geological disasters such as ground collapse and ground fissure. In coal mining areas, underground caves are mainly coal mine goaf areas, showing the condition of being filled and not filled with accumulated water under the influence of hydrogeological conditions and exploration time. Due to the influence of hydrogeological conditions and mining time, the goafs present two statuses:filled and not filled with water. By using transient electromagnetic method, the goafs in Shendong mining area were investigated and explored, and the most primitive normalized secondary potential was used to explain the goafs filled and not filled with water. According to the time length of underground cavity development and the level of accumulated water, it will present high or low resistivity anomaly, showing striking features. It provides an example for the application of transient electromagnetic method in the exploration of goaf and goaf filled with water, and it is of great significance to predict and prevent the collapse geological disaster caused by the goaf.