明代华南的自然灾害及其时空特征

在大量整理明代华南灾害资料的基础上,着重论述了明代华南自然灾害的时空特征。其时间分布很不平衡:明代前期灾害发生的频率相对较低;中期各种灾害逐渐增多,呈现出复杂性和严重性;后期灾害有所减少,但灾情仍较为严重。自然灾害的空间分布也不平衡:福建灾害最多,集中发生在福州、漳州、泉州等府;广东灾害次之,主要分布在广州、潮州、肇庆、琼州等府;广西灾害相对较少,但太平、梧州、柳州等府也常受灾。这种情况的出现,与明代华南各地的自然条件有关,与各地的社会状况也有一定的关系。

A discussion on the natural disasters in South China of the Ming Dynasty

In the Ming Dynasty, there occurred 1 000 odd natural disasters in South China, which exerted adverse influence on the regions society and economy. The writer makes an omnibearing study of the natural disasters in South China of the Ming Dynasty on the basis of abundant materials, emphasizing on its space-time features. There was an imbalance in the time distribution of natural disaster occurrence. The occurring frequency of disasters was relatively lower in the early stage of the Ming Dynasty. In the mid term, there was a steady increase of natural disasters, with became serious and complicated. In the later period of the Ming Dynasty, the number of disasters decreased, but they were rather serious. Neither was it in balsnce in terms of space distribution of the natural disasters. Fujian suffered the most, especially in the area of Fuzhou, Zhangzhou and Quanzhou. The next was Guangdong, chiefly in the area of Guangzhou, Chaozhou, Zhaoqing and Qiongzhou. The disaster frequency in Guangxi was relatively lower except for the area of Taiping, Wuzhouand Liuzhou. This phenomenon was related to the different natural conditions in various regions of South China as well as the social factors.