近1300年来古胶州港位置的变迁

本文主要依据有关方志、文史资料，着重考证了近１３００年来古胶州港位置的变迁，研究发现，古胶州港的位置自唐代至清末近１３００年间，沿胶州湾西、北岸大致经历了７次变更，特别自明代开始，港口位置变迁尤为频繁，作者初步分析认为这与历史时期胶州湾内西、北岸的不断淤涨和胶莱南河、大沽河口的冲淤作用有关。

THE STUDY ON THE LOCATION CIVISSITUDES OF JIAOZHOU PALAEOPORT DURING THE PAST 1300 YEARS

Based on historical materials and chronicles, we study emphasizely the location civissitudes of Jiaozhou Palaeoport during the past 1300 years. It is found that the location of Jiaozhou palaeoport had changed 7 times along the coast of Jiaozhou Bay from the Tang Dynasty to the endof the Qing Dynasty. The processes of the location civissitudes are presented as follows: (1) During the wude years of the Tang Dynasty, the Jiaozhou Port was located at Chencun, and was named Chencun Port. (2) During the Yuanfeng years of the Song Dynasty, it was located at shuizhai and named Jiaoxi Port. (3) During the Zhiyuan years of the Yuan Dynasty it was located at Chencun again, but named Jiaozhou Port. (4) During the Yongle years of the Ming Dynasty, it was located at Tangwan and named Tang Port. (5)During the middle years of the Ming Dynasty, it was located at Sanchakou, named Xin Port. (6) During the Kangxi years of the Qing Dynasty, it was located at Matou, named Tabutou Port. (7) Finally, by the end of the Qing Dynasty, it was located at Qingdao, and was generally regarded as Qingdao Port. In addition, it can be found that the location of the port changed more frequently from the Ming Dynasty onwards. It is preliminarily presumed that this was mainly caused by two physical reascns. One was the sand deposit processes in the mouth of the Dagu River, and the other was the sand deposit processes by tide currents and waves in Jiaozhou Bay along its mouth and west coasts.