雅砻江下游梯级水库生态友好型优化调度

根据雅砻江下游梯级水库水电站的布置和河道生态环境要求,分别设置了两个流量控制断面:锦屏二级电站引水闸址下减水河段、二滩电站坝址下游河段.针对这两个控制断面河道流量的要求,提出了25组生态流量控泄方案,建立了以梯级水电站群发电量最大为目标的长期优化调度模型,并采用动态规划法进行求解,获得各个方案下梯级水电站群多年平均发电量及水库调度出流过程.比较分析了减水河段生态流量及二滩水库泄流控制方案对发电量的影响,定义并计算了生态需水电能损失指标.对梯级水库调度出流过程进行了初步评价.结果表明:二滩水库出流维持天然径流模式,将限制水库调节能力和减少梯级电站发电效益.

Optimal ecological sound operation of the cascade reservoirs in the lower Yalongjiang River

The paper investigates the ecological sound operation of the cascade reservoirs in the Lower reach of Yalongjiang River.Based on the type and arrangement of the cascade hydropower stations,two flow control cross-sections are proposed:one is at the downstream location of the division sluice for the Jinping-Ⅱ station,the another is at the backward position of the Ertan dam.25 flow variation control schemes are presented with respective to the ecological requirement of these two flow control points.Then,a longterm optimal operation model,which is to maximize the total output of power generation of the cascade reservoirs,is established and solved by using the dynamic programming method.The total power generation amount and reservoir release discharge process corresponding to each flow variation control scheme are obtained.These influences on total power generation amount of different ecological flow values at the downstream division sluice and flow variation limits on the release discharge of the Ertan reservoir are analyzed,the indicators of power losses to ecological flow needs are defined and their values are calculated.Lastly the fitness of the Ertan reservoir release discharge processes to the natural flow regime is evaluated.The result shows that the total power generation amount of the cascade reservoirs will decrease while the release discharge process of the Ertan reservoir approaches the natural flow regime.