Development and testing of a physically based,three-dimensional model of surface and subsurface hydrology |
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Authors: | Marco Bittelli Fausto Tomei Alberto Pistocchi Markus Flury Jan Boll Erin S. Brooks Gabriele Antolini |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of AgroEnvironmental Science and Technology, University of Bologna, Italy;2. Environmental Protection Agency of Emilia-Romagna, HydroMeteoClimate Service (ARPA-SIMC), Bologna, Italy;3. Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Community Joint Research Center, Ispra, Italy;4. Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA;5. Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA |
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Abstract: | We present a numerical, catchment-scale model that solves flow equations of surface and subsurface flow in a three-dimensional domain. Surface flow is described by the two-dimensional parabolic approximation of the St. Venant equation, using Manning’s equation of motion; subsurface flow is described by the three-dimensional Richards’ equation for the unsaturated zone and by three-dimensional Darcy’s law for the saturated zone, using an integrated finite difference formulation. The hydrological component is a dynamic link library implemented within a comprehensive model which simulates surface energy, radiation budget, snow melt, potential evapotranspiration, plant development and plant water uptake. We tested the model by comparing distributed and integrated three-dimensional simulated and observed perched water depth (PWD), stream flow data, and soil water contents for a small catchment. Additional tests were performed for the snow melting algorithm as well as the different hydrological processes involved. The model successfully described the water balance and its components as evidenced by good agreement between measured and modelled data. |
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Keywords: | Surface hydrology Subsurface hydrology Models Physically based Catchment Distributed |
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