三亚红塘湾珊瑚礁生态状况研究

为研究三亚红塘湾珊瑚礁生态系统现状,采用人工潜水调查方法开展三亚红塘湾造礁石珊瑚分布及生态状况调查。本次调查共发现三亚红塘湾造礁石珊瑚分布总面积为149.25 hm^2;种类包括8科17属28种,主要优势种为二异角孔珊瑚(Goniopora duofasciata),珊瑚覆盖率14.3%,硬珊瑚补充量为1.34 ind·m^-2;水质总体良好,但有50%站位溶解氧含量超一类海水水质标准,且部分站位悬浮物含量较高;珊瑚礁区底质以礁石为主,但泥沙沉降物覆盖严重,覆盖率高达60.8%。调查结果表明,红塘湾珊瑚礁生态系统出现严重退化,悬浮物含量较高和沉降物覆盖严重是制约红塘湾造礁石珊瑚正常生长发育的主要因素。

A study on the ecological status of coral reef in Hongtang Bay,Sanya

To study the current status of coral reef ecosystem in Hongtang Bay,Sanya,the distribution and ecological status of scleractinian corals were investigated by manual diving.In this study,we found that the total area of coral reef in Hongtang Bay was 149.25 hectares.In total,28 scleractinian coral species belonging to 17 genera and 8 families were recorded with Goniopora duofasciata as the dominant.The average coverage of scleractinia was 14.3%,and the coral recruitment was 1.34 ind·m^-2.The water quality was generally good,but the dissolved oxygen content of half of stations exceeded the first class seawater quality standard,and the suspended solids content of some stations was relatively high.Reef was the main bottom sediment type in this sea area,but the coverage of external sediment was as high as 60.8%.The results showed that the coral reef ecosystem in Hongtang Bay had been severely degraded,which was caused by the high suspended solids content and the serious cover with external sediments.