中国洞穴驼螽物种多样性与适应

文章总结了中国洞穴驼螽的种类、分布及适应进化。中国记录洞穴驼螽3属26种，其中疾灶螽属（Tachycines）（24种）物种最丰富；洞穴驼螽分布范围窄，96%（25种）的物种仅分布于模式产地，或模式产地所在的县（市），而贵州省物种最丰富，有记录15种；喜洞穴和偶洞穴驼螽的外部形态与地表种相似，真洞穴驼螽具有适应洞穴生活的典型特征，如体色浅，复眼不同程度退化（甚至消失），触角和尾须较长且感器类型丰富等。对洞穴生物的保护，除了保护天然洞穴外，还需进一步保护洞穴周围的环境。

Species diversity and adaptation of cave crickets in China

In this paper， the species diversity， distribution and adaptation of cave crickets in China are summarized. A total of 26 species belonging to 3 genera have been recorded from caves in China， as the genus Tachycines with the most abundant species （24 species）. Cave crickets have a narrow distribution， with 96%（25 species） of species limited in type locality or in the county where the type locality is located. Guizhou Province is the most abundant with 15 species. The appearances of troglophiles and trogloxenes are similar to those of terrestrial species， while troglobites have evolved typical characteristics to adapt to cave life， such aslight body color， degenerate or even disappearing eyes， long antennae and cerci， and developed receptors. In addition to the caves， the environment around the caves should also be further protected to conserve cave crickets.