Helmert方差分量估计在GPS/GLONASS/BDS组合定位权比确定中的应用

因GNSS系统间观测噪声、轨道精度的差异，采用经验权比进行组合定位难以得到最优结果。基于此，在GPS/GLONASS/BDS组合定位中引入Helmert方差分量估计，对GPS/GLONASS/BDS组合单点定位和基线解算中各系统观测值进行合理定权。实验表明，采用该方法确定的伪距观测值最佳权比为5∶1∶1，相位观测值最佳权比为1∶1∶1，有效提高了GPS/GLONASS/BDS组合定位的精度和可靠性。

Application of Helmert Variance Component Estimation in GPS/GLONASS/BDS Combined Positioning Weight Determination

It is difficult to get the optimal result using empirical weight ratio in combination positioning, due to differences in observation noise and orbit accuracy between GNSS systems. Based on this, Helmert variance component estimation is introduced into GPS/GLONASS/BDS combined positioning, determining the reasonable weight ratio of the GPS/GLONASS/BDS combined single point positioning and baseline solution. Based on a set of experimental data, the experimental results show that the method can reasonably determine the weight ratio of the observations of the GPS/GLONASS/BDS combined positioning. The optimal weight ratio of pseudo-range observations is 5∶1∶1, the optimal weight ratio of phase observations is 1∶1∶1, which improves the accuracy and reliability of the GPS/GLONASS/BDS combined positioning.