ZG市非接触型诈骗被害相对发生概率的性别差异

利用ZG市老城区2015~2016年具有个人属性的诈骗警情数据,分析女性和男性遭受非接触型诈骗相对接触型诈骗的发生概率,建立多层次Logit回归模型研究其影响因素的差异。结果表明,两性别非接触型诈骗被害的相对发生概率均受制于个体和社区两个层次因素的影响,且社区层次均发挥主要作用。其中,女性和男性在个体层次的影响因素类似,表现为本地户籍的高水平受教育者在白天更易遭受非接触型诈骗的侵害。但在社区层次的影响因素迥异,在外来人口少、银行网点少、离婚丧偶率低、有高校的本地年轻人为主的社区,女性非接触型诈骗被害相对发生概率高;而在租房比例高、农业人口少、大型零售商业网点少、低教育水平人口比例少的外来中高收入白领为主的社区,男性非接触型诈骗被害相对发生概率则更高。

Gender Difference on Relative Probability of Non-contact Fraud in ZG City

While fraud has become more prevalent in today's society, there has been few study on gender differences on fraud, and even fewer on the contributing factors of such differences, especially in the context of non-contact fraud (NCF) vs contact fraud (CF). This article aims to narrow this gap by examining fraud data from the police of ZG old city, covering the period from 2015 to 2016, to reveal possible relationships between fraud and individual characteristics of the victims. Results of hierarchical linear models (HLM) on the ratio of NCF/CF suggest that both personal and community factors play an important role for females and males, especially the latter. Specifically, local household registration status, time of fraud in terms of day vs night, and the level of education of the individuals, show similar strength and direction for both females and males. At the community level, risk factors are totally different across different genders. The percent of colleges and the young people show significant positive correlation, while the number of bank branches, percent of migrant population and divorce rate pose a negative impact for female victims. For male victims, percent of rental properties shows a positive correlation while level of education, percent of agricultural population and existence of large retail outlets have negative impacts. Findings of this study adds to the literature on fraud, and may provide insight on developing strategies for fraud prevention and reduction.