德国三大汽车制造商产业竞争力表现动态分析

以德国大众、戴姆勒和宝马三大汽车制造商及其2008~2016年产业竞争力表现为研究对象,在R软件中构建偏最小二乘回归模型,分析三大汽车制造商产业竞争力表现和发展的关键影响因素及异质性特征。结果表明：2008~2016年,大众、戴姆勒和宝马的产业竞争力表现经历了“衰退-复苏”、“冲高-回落”和“调整-反弹”3个小周期。基于生产制造、科技研发、资本运营和市场盈利4个竞争力维度,三大汽车制造商形成了不同的耦合适应竞争优势。在汽车产业竞争力发展上,大众、戴姆勒和宝马分别呈现出了全球扩散的产业转移、知识外溢的产业集聚和资源禀赋的区位优势等异质性特征。

Dynamic Analysis on the Performance of Industrial Competitiveness of the Three Major German Automotive Manufacturers

The automotive industry is at the heart of Germany's advanced manufacturing industry and has the world's leading competitiveness. The significance of Automotive Industry Competitiveness to National competitive advantage, Based on the research results of the three major automobile manufacturers such as Volkswagen, Daimler and BMW and their industrial competitiveness from 2008 to 2016, a partial least-squares regression model was constructed in R software to analyze the performance of the three major automobile manufacturers in industrial competitiveness and Key Factors and Heterogeneity of Development. The results show that: in 2008-2016, Volkswagen, Daimler and BMW's industrial competitiveness experienced "recession-recovery", "uptick-down" and "adjustment - rebound" three small cycles. Based on the four competitive dimensions of Manufacturing, R & D, Capital operation and Market profitability, the three major automotive manufacturers have formed different coupling adaptation competitive advantages. In the development of automotive industry competitiveness, Volkswagen, Daimler, and BMW showed the heterogeneity of the industrial transfer of global diffusion, the industrial agglomeration of knowledge spillover and the location advantage of resource endowment.