基于供给侧的区域交通发展水平综合评价——以中国三大城市群为例

基于公路、铁路、水运、航空以及管道运输等多运输方式,考虑不同空间尺度交通需求的差异,从国内交通和国际交通两个层面构建了区域综合交通发展水平评价指标体系,并对比分析了京津冀、长三角、珠三角三大城市群综合交通发展水平。结果表明三大城市群交通发展水平存在明显的梯度差异,长三角地区高于京津冀地区,珠三角地区发展水平最低。交通发展水平的差异在不同尺度及不同交通方式上表现不同,国内交通差异小于国际交通,交通总体发展水平差异介于国内和国际交通之间;公路交通在城市群间的差异较小,水运、铁路、航空以及管道运输在城市群间的差距均较大,但引致综合交通发展水平差异的主要因素在于铁路、航空和水运发展上的差距。各交通方式发展优势均不突出,且铁路发展明显滞后是引致珠三角交通发展总体水平较低的主要因素,据此提出了改善珠三角地区交通的建议。

Comprehensive Evaluation of Regional Integrated Transportation Development Level Based on Supply-front Perspective: Taking Three Major Urban Agglomerations in China as Examples

Comprehensive evaluation of the level of regional integrated transportation development based on supply-side perspective has a great significance to promote regional transportation development, and even regional economic and social development. Based on the highway, railway, waterway, aviation and pipeline transportation, considering the difference of traffic demand at different spatial scales, the article constructs the evaluation index system of integrated transportation from national and international scales, then analyses the level of integrated transportation development of the three major urban agglomerations including the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta. The results show that there is a significant difference in the level of integrated transportation development among the three major urban agglomerations: the Yangtze River Delta region is higher than the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and the Pearl River Delta region has the lowest development level. There are different gaps among three urban agglomerations on the different spatial scales and different transportation modes. The unbalanced development on national scale is lower than that on international scale. Considering different transportation modes, the unbalance among the three urban agglomerations of highway transportation is significantly lower than that of waterway, railway, aviation and pipeline transportation, but the main factors that lead to the differences of the level of integrated transportation development lie in the development unbalance of railways, aviation and waterway. The disadvantages of the development of various transportation modes, especially the development of the railway is obviously lagging behind, are the main factors which lead to the lower level of the transportation development of the Pearl River delta region. Based on the conclusions, some advices are put forward to promote the transportation development of the Pearl River Delta region.