Effect of stress history on CPT and DMT results in sand |
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| Authors: | Moon-Joo Lee Sung-Kun Choi Min-Tae Kim Woojin Lee |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Hanwha Engineering and Construction, Seoul, Republic of Korea;2. Nawoogeo Consultant Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea;3. School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;1. Fraunhofer IWES, Germany;2. DICAM, University of Bologna, Italy;3. Department of Civil Engineering, Aalborg University, Denmark;1. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Patras, Rio GR-26500, Patras, Greece;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Second University of Naples, Aversa (CE), Italy;1. Research Student, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK;2. Chair in Geomechanics, University of Surrey, Department of Civil Engineering, Guildford, UK;3. Professor of Geotechnical Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK;1. Geotechnical Department, Institute of Engineering, National University of Mexico, Building No. 4, P.O. Box 04510, Mexico City, Mexico;2. University of California, 440 Davis Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710, USA;1. Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, travessa 3?n° 380, CEP 05508-010 São Paulo, SP, Brazil;2. Country Garden, 19?F, Building 11, Nuode Zhong Xin, Fengtai District, Beijing, China;3. Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | In order to investigate the effect of stress history on in-situ test results in granular sediments, a series of CPTs and DMTs are performed on Busan sand prepared in the calibration chamber. KD is found to be the most sensitive to the stress history among CPT and DMT measurements. ED and qc are observed to be similarly affected by the stress history and, therefore, the ED–qc relation appears to be almost independent of the stress history. The KD–DR relation established without considering the stress history is likely to overestimate the relative density of OC sand. It is shown that the existence of the pre-stress of the granular sediment can be indirectly recognized by an estimation of the relative density larger than 100% when using the KD–σv′–DR relation suggested for NC sand. Although qc/σv′–KD/K0 and ED/σv′–KD/K0 relations are heavily influenced by the stress history, qc/σm′–KD/K0 and ED/σm′–KD/K0 relations are observed to be independent of the stress history. Based on these relations, charts to evaluate the K0 value from qc and/or DMT indices are developed for both NC and OC sands. The design chart based on ED/σm′–KD/K0 and ED/σv′–KD/K0 relations is expected to be practically useful as the usage of this chart requires only DMT indices. The developed design charts are applicable to Busan sand but different sets of equations and charts may be developed for other sands. |
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