Hydrogeology and geochemistry in the Curuksu (Denizli) hydrothermal field, western Turkey |
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Authors: | H Murat Özler |
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Institution: | (1) Istanbul University Department of Geological Engineering, Avcilar Campus, 34840, Istanbul, Turkey e-mail: ozlerhm@istanbul.edu.tr Fax: +90-212-5911997, TR |
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Abstract: | Curuksu is a low temperature hydrothermal system located within the upper sector of the B. Menderes Graben. The hydrologic
structure of the Curuksu hydrothermal system is largely controlled by major graben faults where it is characterized by the
presence of two thermal reservoirs. One is formed by Paleozoic quartzite, schist and marble units, and the second consists
of Pliocene limestone-travertine units. The thermal conditions in the Curuksu region indicate that the regional tectonics
and resulting local stress field control low temperatures activity. Temperatures of 30 springs emerging in the study area
range between 15 and 55 °C. These springs are classified as cold fresh, warm mineral and thermal waters. Pamukkale, Karahayıt
and Honaz springs are steam condensate waters, whereas Curuksu springs are commonly steam-heated waters with respect to the
major anion concentrations. The reservoir temperatures have been estimated from chemical compositions by utilizing simultaneously,
geothermometers and mixing models. According to these thermometric methods, the most probable subsurface temperature is in
the range of 62–90 °C. However, the mixing models suggest a temperature level of 80 °C for the parent water. The system
has low total dissolved solid (TDS) of ∼1000–1500 mg/l, which indicate that these waters undergo conductive cooling within
the reservoir.
Received: 9 September 1999 · Accepted: 14 February 2000 |
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Keywords: | Geochemistry Geology Hydrogeology Hydrothermal waters Isotopes |
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