建立我国资源环境空间宏观监测与地面微观测量技术体系

我国资源、环境的监测多系以 RS、GPS RTK技术、GIS及其集成技术为基础的空间对地监测 ,这种监测体系比较宏观和粗放 ,对于全球性、全国性和大区域性是必要的、理想的 ,而对于局部地区的特殊的灾变环境和工程仍采用宏观监测 ,其精度就难以达到要求 ,而利用摄影测量、全站仪、GPS RTK、数字化测图与 GIS、三维工业测量等技术则是切实可行的监测手段 ,适合于对微观目标的精准测量。就建立我国资源与环境空间宏观监测和地面精准测量与监测体系问题进行了讨论 ,侧重讨论了宏观监测森林蓄积量和微观监测景观破碎带的理论、技术和方法

Built-up Chinese National Integrated System on Resources and Environment Macroscopical Monitoring and Ground Microcosmic Measurement Technology

The resources and environment monitoring in our country is mostly spatial monitoring to ground based on RS, GPSRTK technique, GIS and their integrate technique. This monitoring system is relatively microscopic and extensive, indispensable and ideal to global and nationwide and greatly territorial monitoring, but difficult to meet the demand for the special catastrophic environment and project in local territory. However, some monitoring means are practically feasible such as photogrammetric measurement, measurement based on total station, GPSRTK, GIS, digital surveying and mapping and 3 dimensional industry measurement, etc, and fit to the exact measurement of microcosmic object. This article discussed the problems on setting up our resources and environmental spatial microscopically monitoring and ground exact measurement and inspection, emphasized particularly on the theory, technique and method of microscopically monitoring forestry volume and microcosmically monitoring sight fragmental zone.