空间节省型堰式沉箱波浪反射与结构优化试验研究

为了同时提升消浪效果和节省海岸空间，对低反射防波堤进行改进，提出了一种空间节省型堰式沉箱结构。通过物理模型试验研究了堰式沉箱在规则波作用下的消能机理，然后采用单因子分析法分析了相对淹没深度、波陡和相对波高对反射系数的影响，并且利用SPSS软件对无因次参数进行非线性回归分析得到了反射系数计算公式。结果表明，内堰消浪室可以形成良好的波能耗散机制，随着有效消浪室个数的增多，消浪效果逐渐增强，使得反射系数的最小值和最大值较非透空直立结构分别降低了60%～90%和10%～30%。基于以上研究成果，给出关于特征水位与内堰的相对位置关系的合理建议，并总结了堰式沉箱结构的优化设计要点，对实际工程应用具有一定的指导意义。

Experimental study on wave reflection and structure optimization of a space-saving weir caisson

In order to simultaneously enhance the wave-dissipating effect and save coastal space, a space-saving weir caisson was proposed as an improvement to the low reflection Breakwater. Physical model tests were used to study the energy dissipation mechanism of the structure. Furthermore, the effects of the relative submerged depth, the wave steepness, and the relative wave height on the reflection coefficient were analyzed by the single factor analysis method, and the calculation formula of the reflection coefficient was obtained by nonlinear regression analysis of dimensionless parameters with SPSS software. The study demonstrates that chambers with inner weirs can form a good wave energy dissipation mechanism, and its significant effect on the reduction of the wave reflection gradually enhances with the increase of the number of effective chambers. Therefore, the minimum and maximum reflection coefficients of the caisson are reduced by 60%~90% and 10%~30%, respectively, compared with those of traditional impermeable upright caissons. Based on the above research results, reasonable recommendations were given regarding the relative position of characteristic water levels and inner weirs, and the key points of the optimum design of weir caisson structures were summarized, which may provide guidance for practical engineering applications.