欠平衡作业和控制压力钻井作业方式的分类与选择

随着欠平衡作业和控制压力钻井应用的不断推广，为了更好的对这两项技术进行控制和管理，国际钻井承包商协会下属的UBO／MPD委员会对这两种技术按照风险等级、作业类别和流体系统进行了分类，共分为6级、3类、5种。首先介绍了这种分类体系，然后分别对欠平衡作业和控制压力钻井这两类作业方式的作业目的、流体类型选择、优缺点以及适用范围进行了分析评价。以期通过以上论述，为在具体施工作业中选择合适的钻井方式提供依据。

Classification and Selection of Underbalanced Operation and Managed Pressure Drilling

Along with the continuous extension for application of underbalanced operation and the managed pressure drilling, in order to furtherly carry on the control and the management to these two technologies; according to the risk grade, application category and fluid system, UBO/MPD committee subordinating to International Association of Drilling Contractor classified these two technologies into 6 levels, 3 categories and 5 systems. The paper firstly introduced classification system; analysis and appraisal were separately made on the underbalanced operation and the managed pressure drilling methods about the operation goal, fluid type choice, advantages and disadvantages as well as the applicable scope, so as to provide basis for selecting proper drilling method in construction operation.