桂北某矿区硫化物尾矿重金属复合污染评价预测

对于硫化物尾矿重金属复合污染的评价采用以元素总量为主因子的单一方法(如Nemerom法)常难得到合理的结果.在桂北某矿区，运用地质累积指数、生态危害指数以及BCR酸提取等研究方法，并以近矿围岩风化壳的元素丰度作为参比值，对尾矿Pb、Zn、Cd及As复合污染进行综合评价预测.结果表明，(1)该区尾矿中Cd(生态危害性高、迁移性强)和As(污染程度高、生态危害性也较高)为主要污染因子，应重点预防和控制；而Zn(生态危害性较低)和Pb(污染程度、生态危害性及迁移性均较低)则相对次要；(2)尾矿中元素活性酸提取态分量(为产生环境效应的主因)，与其元素总含量之间存在着不同程度或不一致的相关关系，这是元素总量因子评价法的问题之一. 

Assessment and Prediction of the Combined Pollution Risk of Heavy Metals in the Sulfide Tailings of a Mining Area,Northern Guangxi,China

It may be hard to make a reasonable assessment on the combined pollution risk of heavy metals in the sulfide tailings merely by using a single method (e.g. Nemerom index) based on element total content. This paper carries out the comprehensive assessment of the combined pollution risk of Pb, Zn, Cd and As in the sulfide tailings in a mine (northern Guangxi, China), integrating methods such as the geological accumulative index, the potential ecological risk evaluation, and BCR acid extraction procedure. The reference value is taken from the element abundance of the weathering crust of carbonate country rock nearby LTS ore body in the mine. The results display that: (1) Cadmium (strongest ecological risk and mobility in the four elements) and Arsenic (highest pollution level and stronger ecological risk) are major pollution factors in the mine, and should be prevented and controlled; while Zinc (weak ecological risk), and Pb (low pollution level, weak ecological risk and mobility) may be relatively minor. (2) The elements active-acid-extractable content, which is one of the main causes inducing environment damages, correlates variously or inconsistently with its total content. That may be one reason for the problems existing in the assessment methods only based on the factor of element total content.