温室气体浓度变化及其源与汇研究进展

对工业革命以来大气中主要温室气体浓度变化和增长趋势作了简介。概述了冰芯研究的最新成果:420 ka BP以来CO2浓度变化情况及其揭示的气候变化机制;全新世期间CH4浓度的波动;气候事件中N2O浓度的快速波动及工业化前的水平。总结了全球温室气体源与汇的研究现状,重点介绍了全球碳循环研究中的未知汇问题,列举了根据不同资料和模型估计的陆地碳汇位置和幅度以及影响因素对陆地碳汇的贡献等认识上的差异。简单介绍了国内有关温室气体源与汇研究,如稻田CH4排放、岩溶系统碳循环和黄土中温室气体组分特征等方面的研究成果和认识。

RESEARCH ADVANCES ON CONCENTRATION CHANGE OF GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR SOURCE & SINK

Since industrial revolution, greenhouse gases concentrations at atmosphere increased continually. Some new progresses in the study on concentration change of major greenhouse gases have been achieved from ice core record such as last four glacial interglacial cycles record of carbon dioxide concentration. New knowledge concerning to early Holocene carbon dioxide concentration, concentration variation of methane during Holocene and abrupt change of nitrous oxide concentration have been revealed. These new results present good choice to study relationship between concentration variation of greenhouse gases and climate change, which can help to understand mechanism of climate change. To study source and sink of greenhouse gases is basis for prediction of future climate change. The missing sink of global carbon cycle attracted more attention. According to different models and data, there is large difference on magnitude and location of estimated carbon sink in terrestrial biosphere. In China, some studies on greenhouse gases emission and sequestration such as methane emission from rice paddy, carbon cycle in karst processes and feature of major greenhouse gases in loess have been carried out.