Abrupt resumption of the African Monsoon at the Younger Dryas—Holocene climatic transition |
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| Institution: | 1. MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Leobener Straße, 28359 Bremen, Germany;2. Deep Earth and Planetary Science Cluster, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;3. Crystallography/ZEKAM, Geosciences, University of Bremen, Klagenfurter Straße, 28359 Bremen, Germany;4. NIOZ – Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, 1790 AB Den Burg, The Netherlands;1. School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;2. Volcano Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield Road, MS910 Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA;3. Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DB, UK;1. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China;2. Kafrelsheikh University, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt;3. University of Warsaw, Faculty of Geology, Warsaw, Poland;4. Cardinal Stefan Wyszyñski University, Institute of Archaeology, Warsaw, Poland;1. Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5554, Institut des Sciences de L’Evolution-Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Bat.22, CC061, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France;2. Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, Geopolis, University of Lausanne, Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Bâtiment Géopolis, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;3. School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK;1. Limnology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University. Ghent, Belgium;2. Division of Ocean and Climate Physics, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University. Palisades, NY, USA;3. Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Museum for Central Africa. Tervuren, Belgium;4. Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne. Lausanne, Switzerland;5. Institute of Geosciences, Sect. Meteorology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn. Bonn, Germany;6. School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford. Oxford, UK;7. Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in Oceanography. Cambridge, MA, USA;8. Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Cambridge, MA, USA;9. Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology. Pasadena, CA, USA;10. School of Archaeology, Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading. Reading, UK |
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| Abstract: | A high-resolution sedimentary record from Lake Masoko (Tanzania), based on pollen assemblages and magnetic susceptibility, shows that the most prominent environmental change of the last 45 000 years occurred ca 11.7 cal. ka BP, near the end of the Younger Dryas event. During this climatic transition, the Masoko catchment vegetation changed from being intolerant to a long/severe dry season to being tolerant, while the inferred lake-dynamics indicates strengthened seasonal fluctuations and/or lower levels than before. Comparison of the Masoko record with other regional palaeoclimatic data shows that evidence of this climatic transition is widespread in tropical Africa. The proposed failure of the African Monsoon during the Younger Dryas, associated with a southward position/migration of the meteorological equator in East Africa, was followed by an abrupt and lasting resumption of monsoon activity, and more pronounced migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) over the African continent. Such a reorganisation of the atmospheric circulation, equally observed across the whole tropical region (South America, East and West Asia, and Africa), could have been a strong amplifier of northern high latitude changes in temperature and precipitation across this major climatic transition. |
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