Integration of SAR-derived river inundation areas,high-precision topographic data and a river flow model toward near real-time flood management |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Public Research Centre-Gabriel Lippmann, Department Environment and Agro-Biotechnologies, 41, rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg;2. University of Dundee, Department of Geography, Dundee, DD1 4HN Dundee, UK;3. Service Régional de Traitement d’Image et de Télédétection, Parc d’Innovation, Bld Sébastien Brant, BP 10413 F-67412 Illkirch Cedex, France;1. Centre de Recherche Public – Gabriel Lippmann, Belvaux, Luxembourg;2. KERMIT, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium;3. Laboratory of Hydrology and Water Management, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium;1. German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Münchner Straße 20, 82234 Weßling, Germany;2. Department of Geography, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Luisenstraße 37, 80333 München, Germany;1. Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, Austria;2. Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, 4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;1. Department of Modelling and Simulation, Riga Technical University, 1 Kalku Street, LV-1658 Riga, Latvia;2. St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation, 39, 14th Line, St. Petersburg 199178, Russia;3. St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, 49, Kronversky prospect, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia;1. Environmental Systems Science Centre, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AL, UK;2. Departement Environnement et Agro-Biotechnologies, Centre de Recherche Public - Gabriel Lippmann, 4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg;3. Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AB, UK |
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| Abstract: | Since several space-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) instruments providing high spatial resolutions and multi-polarisation capabilities will be mounted on satellites to be launched from 2006 onwards, radar imagery promises to become an indispensable asset for many environmental monitoring applications. Due to its all weather, day and night capabilities, SAR imagery presents obvious advantages over optical instruments, especially in flood management applications. To date, however, the coarse spatial resolution of available SAR datasets restricts the information that can be reliably extracted and processing techniques tend to be limited to binary floodplain segmentation into ‘flooded’ and ‘non flooded’ areas. It is the purpose of this paper to further improve the exploitation of SAR images in hydraulic modelling and near real-time crisis management by means of developing image processing methodologies that allow for the extraction of water levels at any point of the floodplain. As high-precision digital elevation models (DEM) produced, for instance, from airborne laser scanning become more readily available, methods can be exploited that combine SAR-derived flood extent maps and precise topographic data for retrieving water depth maps. In a case study of a well-documented flood event in January 2003 on the River Alzette, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, a root mean squared error (R.M.S.E.) of 41 cm was obtained by comparing the SAR-derived water heights with surveyed high water marks that were collected during image acquisition. Water levels that were computed by a previously calibrated hydraulic model also suggest that the water surface profiles provided by the combined use of topographic data and SAR accurately reflect the true water line. The extraction of flooded areas within vegetated areas further demonstrates the usefulness of the proposed methodology. |
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| Keywords: | Remote sensing River inundation Synthetic aperture radar Lidar GIS |
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